Cara Setup Git dan GitHub untuk Pemula

# Update package list
sudo apt update

# Install Git
sudo apt install git

# Verify installation
git --version

# Download dari https://git-scm.com/download/win
# Atau gunakan winget
winget install Git.Git

# Install via Homebrew
brew install git

# Atau Xcode Command Line Tools
xcode-select --install

# Set username
git config --global user.name "Nama Anda"

# Set email (sama dengan GitHub)
git config --global user.email "email@example.com"

# Verify configuration
git config --list

# Set default branch name
git config --global init.defaultBranch main

# Set default editor
git config --global core.editor "code --wait"

# Enable colored output
git config --global color.ui auto

# Generate SSH key
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "email@example.com"

# Start SSH agent
eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"

# Add key to agent
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

# Copy public key
cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub

1. GitHub > Settings > SSH and GPG keys
2. Click "New SSH key"
3. Paste public key
4. Save

# Test SSH connection
ssh -T git@github.com

# Should see: "Hi username! You've successfully authenticated..."

# Create project directory
mkdir myproject
cd myproject

# Initialize Git
git init

# Check status
git status

# Create a file
echo "# My Project" > README.md

# Stage file
git add README.md

# Stage all files
git add .

# Commit with message
git commit -m "Initial commit"

# View commit history
git log

# Compact view
git log --oneline

# With graph
git log --oneline --graph --all

# Create repo on GitHub first, then:
git remote add origin git@github.com:username/repo.git

# Verify remote
git remote -v

# Push to main branch
git push -u origin main

# Subsequent pushes
git push

# Clone via SSH
git clone git@github.com:username/repo.git

# Clone via HTTPS
git clone https://github.com/username/repo.git

# Clone to specific folder
git clone git@github.com:username/repo.git myfolder

# Create new branch
git branch feature-login

# Switch to branch
git checkout feature-login

# Create and switch in one command
git checkout -b feature-signup

# Modern way (Git 2.23+)
git switch -c feature-dashboard

# List local branches
git branch

# List all branches (including remote)
git branch -a

# List remote branches
git branch -r

# Switch to main
git checkout main

# Merge feature branch
git merge feature-login

# Delete merged branch
git branch -d feature-login

# Push feature branch
git push -u origin feature-login

# Then on GitHub:
# 1. Go to repository
# 2. Click "Compare & pull request"
# 3. Add description
# 4. Request reviewers
# 5. Create pull request

# Fetch latest changes
git fetch origin

# Merge main into feature branch
git checkout feature-login
git merge origin/main

# Or rebase
git rebase origin/main

# Discard changes in working directory
git checkout -- filename

# Unstage file
git reset HEAD filename

# Undo last commit (keep changes)
git reset --soft HEAD~1

# Undo last commit (discard changes)
git reset --hard HEAD~1

# Stash current changes
git stash

# List stashes
git stash list

# Apply latest stash
git stash pop

# Apply specific stash
git stash apply stash@{0}

# When merge conflict occurs:
# 1. Open conflicted file
# 2. Look for conflict markers
# <<<<<<< HEAD
# your changes
# =======
# their changes
# >>>>>>> branch-name

# 3. Edit to resolve
# 4. Stage and commit
git add .
git commit -m "Resolve merge conflict"

# Create .gitignore file
cat > .gitignore << 'EOF'
# Dependencies
node_modules/
vendor/

# Build output
dist/
build/

# Environment files
.env
.env.local

# IDE
.vscode/
.idea/

# OS files
.DS_Store
Thumbs.db

# Logs
*.log
EOF

# Short status
git config --global alias.st status

# Short commit
git config --global alias.co checkout

# Log graph
git config --global alias.lg "log --oneline --graph --all"

# Undo last commit
git config --global alias.undo "reset --soft HEAD~1"

Good commit message format:
- Short summary (50 chars)
- Blank line
- Detailed explanation (optional)

Example:
"Add user authentication

- Implement JWT tokens
- Add login/logout endpoints
- Create auth middleware"

Conventions:
- feature/user-login
- bugfix/header-alignment
- hotfix/security-patch
- release/v1.0.0