YouTube CPM dan RPM: Memahami Pendapatan Channel Anda

Advertiser sets budget:
- Campaign budget: $10,000
- Target CPM: $5
- Potential impressions: 2,000,000

Process:
Advertiser bids → Auction → Ad displayed → Impression counted → Payment

- Dihitung per ad impression
- Semua iklan yang tampil
- Gross metric

- Dihitung per monetized playback
- Satu view bisa ada multiple ads
- Lebih mencerminkan actual earnings

CPM = (Total Ad Revenue / Ad Impressions) × 1000

Contoh:
Ad Revenue: $500
Ad Impressions: 100,000
CPM = ($500 / 100,000) × 1000 = $5

CPM: What advertisers pay (gross)
RPM: What creators earn (net)

CPM = Advertiser perspective
RPM = Creator perspective

RPM = (Total Estimated Revenue / Total Views) × 1000

Contoh:
Total Revenue: $450
Total Views: 100,000
RPM = ($450 / 100,000) × 1000 = $4.50

RPM includes revenue from:
├── Ad revenue (main)
├── YouTube Premium revenue
├── Super Chat
├── Super Stickers
├── Super Thanks
├── Channel Memberships
└── Shopping revenue

Scenario:
- 100,000 total views
- 80,000 monetized views (80% monetization rate)
- CPM: $4.00
- YouTube share: 45%

Calculation:
Gross ad revenue: (80,000 / 1000) × $4 = $320
Creator share: $320 × 55% = $176
RPM: ($176 / 100,000) × 1000 = $1.76

Summary:
CPM = $4.00 (what advertisers paid)
RPM = $1.76 (what creator earned per 1000 views)

Factors:
1. YouTube takes 45% cut → -45%
2. Not all views are monetized → -10-30%
3. Ad blockers → -5-15%
4. Non-monetizable countries → Variable
5. Content not advertiser-friendly → Variable

Typical ratio:
RPM ≈ 30-50% of CPM

High CPM Niches:
├── Finance/Investing: $15-50
├── Insurance: $15-40
├── Legal: $10-30
├── B2B/Software: $10-25
├── Real Estate: $8-20
└── Health/Medical: $8-15

Medium CPM Niches:
├── Technology: $5-15
├── Business: $5-12
├── Education: $4-10
├── Travel: $4-10
└── Food: $3-8

Low CPM Niches:
├── Entertainment: $1-5
├── Gaming: $2-5
├── Music: $1-4
├── Vlogs: $1-4
└── Kids content: $1-3

Tier 1 Countries (Highest CPM):
├── United States: $6-15
├── United Kingdom: $5-12
├── Australia: $5-12
├── Canada: $5-10
└── Germany: $4-10

Tier 2 Countries (Medium CPM):
├── France: $3-8
├── Japan: $3-7
├── South Korea: $3-6
├── Singapore: $3-6
└── UAE: $3-6

Tier 3 Countries (Lower CPM):
├── Indonesia: $0.5-2
├── India: $0.5-2
├── Brazil: $1-3
├── Philippines: $0.5-2
└── Vietnam: $0.5-1.5

Q4 (Oct-Dec): HIGHEST
├── Holiday shopping season
├── Black Friday, Christmas
├── Advertisers spend big
└── CPM bisa 2-3x normal

Q1 (Jan-Mar): LOWEST
├── Post-holiday slump
├── Advertiser budgets reset
├── January drop 30-50%
└── Gradual recovery Feb-Mar

Q2 (Apr-Jun): MODERATE
├── Tax season spending
├── Summer planning
└── Steady increase

Q3 (Jul-Sep): MODERATE-HIGH
├── Back to school
├── Holiday prep begins
└── Building toward Q4

High CPM Content:
├── How-to/tutorials
├── Product reviews
├── Educational content
├── Professional development
└── Business advice

Lower CPM Content:
├── Entertainment/comedy
├── Reaction videos
├── Vlogs
├── Gaming
└── Music videos

Higher value audiences:
├── Age 25-54
├── Higher income
├── Decision makers
├── Active buyers
└── Professional interests

Lower value:
├── Under 18
├── Students
├── Entertainment seekers
└── Non-buyers

Longer videos = More ad slots

< 8 minutes: Pre-roll only
8+ minutes: Pre-roll + mid-roll available
10-15 minutes: 1-2 mid-rolls optimal
20+ minutes: Multiple mid-roll opportunities

Sweet spot: 10-20 minutes

Strategy:
- Research high-value keywords
- Create content around commercial topics
- Add educational/tutorial elements
- Cover topics advertisers want

Example:
Instead of: "My daily routine"
Try: "Budget-friendly morning routine for professionals"

Tactics:
- Create English content
- Cover topics relevant to US/UK audience
- Post during their peak hours
- Use US-centric examples

Guidelines:
- Minimum 8 minutes untuk mid-rolls
- Sweet spot: 10-15 minutes
- Don't pad unnecessarily
- Natural break points for ads

Mid-roll placement:
- Every 3-5 minutes (maximum)
- At natural transitions
- After key points

Higher retention = More ads watched = Higher revenue

Tips:
- Strong hook first 30 seconds
- Tease content early
- Pattern interrupts
- Clear structure
- Deliver on promise

Increase monetization rate:
- Avoid copyright content
- Stay advertiser-friendly
- Proper self-certification
- Appeal yellow icons

Evergreen = Long-term passive income

Examples:
- Tutorials that stay relevant
- Comprehensive guides
- FAQ content
- Foundational topics

Beyond ads:
├── Super Chat/Thanks
├── Channel memberships
├── Affiliate links
├── Sponsorships
├── Merchandise
└── Digital products

Effect: Higher effective RPM

YouTube Studio → Analytics → Revenue

Metrics available:
├── Estimated revenue
├── RPM
├── CPM (Playback-based)
├── Ad impressions
├── Top earning videos
└── Revenue by geography

Monthly comparison:
1. Track RPM trend
2. Compare to previous period
3. Identify high/low performers
4. Note seasonal patterns

Video-level analysis:
1. Sort by revenue
2. Identify common traits of top earners
3. Replicate successful formats
4. Understand low performers

Watch for:
- Sudden RPM drops (policy issue?)
- Low monetization rate (content issue?)
- High views, low revenue (audience issue?)
- Declining trends (niche/quality issue?)

Global averages:
- CPM: $2-8 (highly variable)
- RPM: $1-4 (highly variable)

By niche examples:
Finance: CPM $15-30, RPM $6-15
Tech: CPM $6-15, RPM $3-7
Entertainment: CPM $2-6, RPM $1-3
Gaming: CPM $2-5, RPM $1-2.5

New channel (< 10K subs):
- CPM: Market average for niche
- RPM: Lower due to learning curve
- Focus: Growth over revenue

Growing channel (10K-100K):
- CPM: Improving as content quality rises
- RPM: Starting to optimize
- Focus: Balance growth + revenue

Established channel (100K+):
- CPM: Can negotiate, premium content
- RPM: Multiple revenue streams
- Focus: Maximizing all opportunities

Reality:
CPM is gross advertiser spend
Your earnings = RPM × (views/1000)

Reality:
Views from different sources have different values
1M views from US ≠ 1M views from developing country

Reality:
CPM fluctuates based on:
- Time of year
- Advertiser demand
- Your content
- Audience behavior

Reality:
Only if retention stays high
Padding content hurts retention
Quality over quantity