Cara Menggunakan Linux Mint untuk Pemula

- Tampilan mirip Windows (familiar)
- Berbasis Ubuntu (stable)
- Mudah digunakan pemula
- Gratis dan open source
- Ringan dan cepat
- Pre-installed codecs dan drivers

1. Cinnamon (recommended)
   - Desktop environment terpopuler
   - Modern dan feature-rich

2. MATE
   - Ringan, traditional look
   - Cocok untuk PC lama

3. Xfce
   - Paling ringan
   - Untuk hardware minimal

# Download dari:
# https://linuxmint.com/download.php

# Pilih edisi (Cinnamon recommended)
# Verify checksum setelah download
sha256sum linuxmint-21.3-cinnamon-64bit.iso

# Linux
sudo dd if=linuxmint.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress

# Atau gunakan balenaEtcher (semua OS)
# Download dari balena.io/etcher

1. Boot dari USB
2. Pilih "Install Linux Mint"
3. Pilih bahasa dan keyboard
4. Checklist "Install multimedia codecs"
5. Pilih tipe instalasi:
   - Erase disk (fresh install)
   - Alongside Windows (dual boot)
   - Something else (manual)
6. Set timezone, username, password
7. Wait for installation
8. Restart dan remove USB

Components:
- Panel (taskbar) di bawah
- Menu button di kiri bawah
- System tray di kanan bawah
- Desktop icons
- File manager (Nemo)

Shortcuts:
- Super (Windows key): Open menu
- Alt+Tab: Switch windows
- Ctrl+Alt+T: Open terminal
- Super+E: Open file manager
- Super+D: Show desktop
- Super+L: Lock screen

Cara install software:
1. Buka Menu > Administration > Software Manager
2. Search aplikasi yang diinginkan
3. Klik Install
4. Masukkan password

Atau via terminal:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nama-paket

# Browser
sudo apt install chromium-browser
sudo apt install firefox

# Office
sudo apt install libreoffice

# Media player
sudo apt install vlc

# Image editor
sudo apt install gimp

# Code editor
sudo snap install code --classic

# Flatpak (pre-installed)
flatpak install flathub com.spotify.Client
flatpak list

# Snap
sudo apt install snapd
sudo snap install spotify
snap list

# Via GUI
Menu > Administration > Update Manager

# Via terminal
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt dist-upgrade
sudo apt autoremove

# Via GUI
Menu > Administration > Driver Manager

# Pilih driver yang recommended
# Restart setelah install

1. System Settings > Themes
2. Pilih:
   - Window borders
   - Icons
   - Controls
   - Mouse pointer
   - Desktop

3. Download more themes dari:
   - cinnamon-spices.linuxmint.com
   - gnome-look.org

Shortcuts:
- Ctrl+H: Show hidden files
- Ctrl+L: Address bar
- F2: Rename
- Delete: Move to trash
- Shift+Delete: Permanent delete
- Ctrl+Shift+N: New folder

/home/username/  - Home folder (My Documents equivalent)
  ├── Documents/
  ├── Downloads/
  ├── Music/
  ├── Pictures/
  ├── Videos/
  └── Desktop/

/   - Root (C: drive equivalent)
/media/ - USB drives, external drives

# List drives
lsblk

# Mount manually
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/usb

# Unmount
sudo umount /mnt/usb

# Auto-mount NTFS drives
sudo apt install ntfs-3g

# Navigation
cd /path/to/folder  # Change directory
cd ~                # Go to home
cd ..               # Go up one level
pwd                 # Print working directory
ls                  # List files
ls -la              # List all with details

# File operations
cp file1 file2      # Copy
mv file1 file2      # Move/rename
rm file             # Delete file
rm -r folder        # Delete folder
mkdir folder        # Create folder
touch file          # Create empty file

# View files
cat file            # Display content
less file           # Paginated view
head -n 10 file     # First 10 lines
tail -n 10 file     # Last 10 lines

# Search package
apt search keyword

# Install
sudo apt install package-name

# Remove
sudo apt remove package-name

# Remove with config
sudo apt purge package-name

# Clean up
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt clean

Right-click panel:
- Add applets (widgets)
- Panel settings
- Modify panel

Popular applets:
- Weather
- CPU monitor
- Network speed
- Workspace switcher

System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts

Custom shortcuts:
- Add custom shortcut
- Set command (e.g., gnome-screenshot)
- Assign key combination

System Settings > Startup Applications

Add:
- Click + button
- Browse for application
- Set delay if needed

Remove:
- Uncheck or delete entry

# Built-in tool
# Print Screen: Full screen
# Alt+Print Screen: Current window
# Shift+Print Screen: Select area

# Or use gnome-screenshot
sudo apt install gnome-screenshot
gnome-screenshot -a  # Area selection

# Extract via file manager
Right-click > Extract Here

# Terminal
# .tar.gz
tar -xzf archive.tar.gz

# .zip
unzip archive.zip

# .rar
sudo apt install unrar
unrar x archive.rar

# Install VLC
sudo apt install vlc

# Install codecs (if not during install)
sudo apt install mint-meta-codecs

# DVD playback
sudo apt install libdvd-pkg
sudo dpkg-reconfigure libdvd-pkg

Shortcuts:
- Ctrl+Alt+Backspace: Restart X server
- Ctrl+Alt+F2: Switch to TTY
- Alt+SysRq+REISUB: Safe reboot

From TTY:
login, then:
sudo reboot

# System logs
journalctl -xe

# Boot logs
dmesg | tail

# Specific service
journalctl -u service-name

# Fix broken packages
sudo apt --fix-broken install

# Reconfigure packages
sudo dpkg --configure -a

# Clean cache
sudo apt clean
sudo apt autoclean